Among the seven sacraments, there is one especially intended to strengthen those who are being tried by illness and to provide them with the strongest means of support. This sacrament is called the Anointing of the Sick. This sacrament, as with all the sacraments, is performed to convey God’s grace to the recipient, through the power of the Holy Spirit. The anointing of the sick conveys several graces and imparts gifts of strengthening in the Holy Spirit against anxiety, discouragement, and temptation, and conveys peace and fortitude. Thus the sick person is able to bear suffering bravely.

USCCB | Anointing of the Sick